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G. W. DITHRIDGE. METALLIC RAILWAY GAB.

N0.-464,s14. Paten-www1, 1891.`

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UNITED 'STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE IV. VDITHRIDGE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

lVi ETALLIC RAI LWAY-CAR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 464,314, dated December1, 1891.

' Apiiamntied January 19,1891. serai No. 378,215. da man' To all whom,it may concern:

Be itknoivnthat I, GEORGE W.D1THR1DGE, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city and Slate of New York, have invented an Improvementin Metallic Railway-Cars, of which the following is a specification.

The platforms of metallic railway-cars have heretofore been made withlongitudinal tubes, sometimes of steel, and kat the ends of theplatforms sills have been connected. With the tubes, such end sillsbeing made of one or more castings of malleable iron; but in practiceVthese are found to be heavy and not to possess the desired elasticity,and they becomefbent and cannot easily be repaired.

My present invention is made with reference to obtaining lightness,strength, and elasticity in the 'end sills of the car-platform, and eachend sill is made of metallic plates, preferably of steel, rolled,forged, and provided with flanges, openings, and :interlocking flanges,as hereinafter described, so as to receive the longitudinal tubes andtie-rods and form a very strong, light, and durable end sill foracar-platform.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of the front of one of the endsills. Fig. 2 isv a sectional plan vieuT at the line a: a: of Fig. il;and Figs. 3 and et are vertical crosssections at the line y y andv z z,respectively. Fig. 5 s a section in larger size at the end of one of thetubes.

Each end sill of the car is made of two principal members-the internalplateAand the external plate B-and at C C tubes are represented,preferably of iron or steel, and at D tie or truss rods, and it is to beunderstood that the number of these tubes and tierods will vary with thesize and character of the car, and the Width of the plates A and B andtheir length will also vary; but the peculiarities of construction towhich my invention relates may be applied to the platform of any size orcharacter of car. The internal plate A is preferably straight, or nearlyso, and the external plate B is arched outwardly, either as a regularcurve or formed with inclines or bends, and at the ends of the internalplate A there are vertical flanges 2, Within which the ends 3 of theexternal plate A are received, and suchends 3 may either be set, andthese flanges 2 *and yends 3 setting closely together form a firmsupport to the external plate A against concussion or pressure at theend of the platform, because any pressure at the center of the plate Bis taken vby tension upon the internal plate A by the said fianges t areadapted to receiving the.

iiooring or surface of 'the platform; and the flanges 5 on the edges ofthe plate B are preferably turned outwardly and form a protection to theother parts of the end sill that project beyond the external plate B.The Width of the plates A and B and also the Width of the flanges 4 and5 will depend upon the size of the end sill and upon the strengthrequired.

At the places Where'the tubes C and the tie-rods D or both pass throughthe plates A and B of the end sill the steel or other metal of the plateis most likely to become injured immediately adjacent to theopeningthrough which the tube or tie-rod passes. To strengthen the plate metalat such openings, I perforate the plate with a smaller hole than thatwhich is required, and spread the plate or sheet of metal by asuitabledie or tool into a trumpet-mouth, as shown at 6, by which meansthe plate metal is not only stiffened, but a broader base or area isgiven for the pressure or strain coming upon the plate from the tie-rodsor tubes, and it is to be understood that these openings andtrumpet-mouths are to be applied at the proper places, and made Withreference to obtaining the greatest strength from a given thickness ofplate or sheet metal in the end sills.

In order to make a proper bearing of the tubes or tie-rods against themetal adjacent to the openings, such metal is to be properly faced offor rendered true by the die, and the tube or tie-rod is provided with ashoulder straight,.anged, or thickened by being up.

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adapted to rest against the annular trumpetmouth bearing. To accomplishthis object, lock-nuts may be made use of but I prefer to swell the tubeor tie-rod at the proper place, and this may be done by upsetting thetie'- rod in a heated condition and in suitable dies, and the tube maybe swelled outwardly by a tube-expander of any ordinary character. Ihave represented the tie-rods upset to form shoulders at 7, and thetubes expanded as at 8, and these shoulders will properly come againstthe inner faces of the infernal plate A, the tubes or tie-rods passingthrough-such internal lplate A, and also through the external plate B,and at the'face of such external plate B where the same is struck up toa' trumpet-mouth bearing, the tie-rods are provided with' nuts and thetubes C are either expanded as in inserting boiler-tubes or preferablythey are externally screw-threaded to receive the nuts lO, and thesenuts are made as shown sectionally in larger size in Fig. 5, thescrew-thread being cut upon the` interior surface and the nut recessedat the inner end of the screw-thread, and adjacent to the recess is aconicalv portion 11, adapted to pass into the inside of the tube, sothat by giving the nut an extra turn and preferably driving the sameslightly endwise the conical portion 11 expands the extreme end of thetube' sufficiently to prevent the nut from working loose and droppingoff, and at the 'same time the end of the tube is closed to excludemoisture.

Between the inner surfaces of the plates A and B and around the tubes Cand the tierods D there are to be sleeves. I have shown sleeves 12 forthe tie-rods and the sleeves 13 for the tube C, and the lengths of thesesleeves willvary according to the place where the tube or rod passesthrough the end sill, and it is preferable to spread the ends of thesleeves into trumpet-mouths corresponding to the trumpetmouthed openingsin the plates A and B, and the parts are strengthened and the bearingswidened by employing washers 14: around the tubes or the tie-rods andbetween the ends of the sleeves and the plates of the end sill,and byproviding annular rims upon the washers for receiving the edges of thetrumpet-shaped ends of the sleeves the strength of the parts isincreased, because the trumpetmouthed ends of the sleeves cannot spreadby the end pressure to which they are exposed. By this construction theend sill is very strongly connected with the respective tubes andtie-rods or trusst rods. The weight of the parts is much less thanheretofore usual, and there is considerable elasticity, so that theparts do not be-- come bent by the ordinary concussion and strain towhich they are subjected, especially in running the cars togetherinbackinga train.

In some instances the draft-bars are below and independent of the endsills. In other instances the draft-bars pass through openings in theend sills. Vhen the construction of the car-platform is such that thedraft-bar is to pass through' the end sill, I provide in the plates Aand B openings of the proper size, and cut these openings smaller andspread inwardly the metal to form flanges 15 16, which stand towardeachother, and a tube E, preferably rectangular, of the proper size isintroduced. between the plates vA and B and around the flanges 15 16,and this tube may be provided with flanges 17 at its ends. I-Ience inthis construction the strength'of the plates A and B is not materiallylessened by the openings provided for the draft-bar, and I remark thatthe tube E may be bolted or riveted to the llangesl 15 and 16 and theflanges 17 of the tube E may beboltedl or riveted to the plates A and B.c

I have not represented any draw-bar, as the same may be of any desiredcharacter.

I claim as my invention- 1. The end sill for metallic cars, composed ofthe internal plate A, having end flanges 2 and flanges et upon the top4or bottom edges, and the external plate B, the ends of which arereceived between the flanges 2, substantially as set forth. v

2. The end sill for metallic cars, composedv of the internal plate A,having'top and bottom flanges 4 and end flanges 2, and the externalplate B, the ends of which are received between-the flanges 2 and havingflanges, there being openings through therespective plates for thetie-rods and tubes, substantially asset forth.

3. The metallic end sill for railway-cars,

composed of the wrought-metal plates havingv openings with the metalbenttrumpet-shaped at the openings, in combination with the' tie- `rods andtubes passing through such openings and connected with the end sill,substantially asset forth.

4t. The internalplateA and externalplate B, of wrought metal, vhavingtop and bottom flanges and interlocking at the-ends and openings throughsuch plates, in combination with the tie-rods and tubes passing throughsuch openings and secured in place, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, withl the tube or tierod, of a Wrought-metal endsill orV plate having trumpet-shaped openings' for the tie-rods ortubes, there being llangesor shoulders upon the tubes ortie-rods restingagainst the-metal of the plate at the trumpet-shaped opening,substantially as set forth.

6. The end sill composed of the wroughtm'etal plates A and B, havingtrumpet-shaped openings, in combination with the tie-'rods and tubespassing through such openings, and

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the sleeves between the plates VA and B, and

the nuts for securing lthe tubes and tie-rods in place, substantially asset forth. c

7. The combination,with the end-sill plates having openings throughthem, of the tubes and tie-rods, the sleeves having trumpetshapedopenings, and the shoulders and nuts or fastenings foi` the respectivetubes and tierods, substantiallyY as set forth.

8. The sleeves having trumpet-shaped ends, in combination With theWashers having annular flanges receiving the trumpet-shaped ends of thesleeves, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination, with the internal and external Wrought-metal platesforming lthe end sills, of the tube E between such plates :o

at the opening for the draft-bar, the metal of the plates or tube, orboth, being flanged, substantially as set forth.

Signed by me this 2d day of January, 1891.

v GEO. W. DITHRIDGE.

Witnesses:

O. I-I. SIMONDS, R. L; ETTINGER.

